What Is an Artificial Intelligence?

Sometimes we think that what is Artificial Intelligence (A.I). how does it work, What is its use? How does it help us. In today's blog, we will find out what is an (A.I), How many types of (A.I) are there, so let's begin.

In order to know what is an (A.I) first, we have to know when does it start from

the birth of the artificial intelligence conversation was denoted by Alan Turing's seminal work, "Computing Machinery and Intelligence", which was published in 1950. In this paper, Turing, often referred to as the "father of computer science", asks the following question, "Can machines think?"  From there, he offers a test, now famously known as the "Turing Test", where a human interrogator would try to distinguish between a computer and human text response. While this test has undergone much scrutiny since its publication, it remains an important part of the history of AI as well as an ongoing concept within philosophy as it utilizes ideas around linguistics.

At its simplest form, artificial intelligence is a field, which combines computer science and robust datasets, to enable problem-solving. It also encompasses sub-fields of machine learning and deep learning, which are frequently mentioned in conjunction with artificial intelligence. These disciplines are comprised of AI algorithms that seek to create expert systems that make predictions or classifications based on input data.

Evaluation of Artificial Intelligence :

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE is a successful discipline. ... Instead, benchmarks and competitions are the regular way of evaluating AI systems. However, as systems specialize for the new benchmarks, more challenging tasks are being devised.

• 1950:  Alan Turing publishes Computing Machinery and Intelligence. In the paper,               Turing            —famous for breaking the Nazi's ENIGMA code during WWII              —proposes to answer the question 'can machine think?' and introduces the Turing Test to determine if a computer can demonstrate the same intelligence (or the results of the same intelligence) as a human. The value of the Turing test has been debated ever since.

                                                                     

•   1956: John McCarthy coins the term 'artificial intelligence' at the first-ever AI conference at Dartmouth College. (McCarthy would go on to invent the Lisp language.) Later that year, Allen Newell, J.C. Shaw, and Herbert Simon create the Logic Theorist, the first-ever running AI software program.
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• 1967: Frank Rosenblatt builds the Mark 1 Perceptron, the first computer-based on a neural network that 'learned' through trial and error. Just a year later, Marvin Minsky and Seymour Papert publish a book titled Perceptrons, which becomes both the landmark work on neural networks and, at least for a while, an argument against future neural network research projects.
• 1980: Neural networks which use a backpropagation algorithm to train themselves become widely used in AI applications.
• 1997: IBM's Deep Blue beats the world chess champion, Garry Kasparov, in a chess match (and rematch).
• 2011: IBM Watson beats champions Ken Jennings and Brad Rutter at Jeopardy!
• 2015: Baidu's Minwa supercomputer uses a special kind of deep neural network called a convolutional neural network to identify and categorize images with a higher rate of accuracy than the average human.
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• 2016: DeepMind's AlphaGo program, powered by a deep neural network, beats Lee Sudol, the world champion Go player, in a five-game match. The victory is significant given the huge number of possible moves as the game progresses (over 14.5 trillion after just four moves!). Later, Google purchased DeepMind for a reported $400 million.

 

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